Pterygium is an abnormal growth of tissue on the conjunctiva (the clear membrane that covers the white of the eye) and the adjacent cornea (the clear front surface of the eye).
Causes & risk factors
Most common in tropic regions.
Associated with chronic sun (ultraviolet [UV]) exposure.
It can grow over a period of months to years.
Symptoms
It can cause redness, irritation, and a change in the appearance of the eye.
May cause astigmatism which can result in blurry vision.
Whiteish or pinkish growth covering the front of the eye.
It can be in one or both eyes.
Diagnosis
Diagnosed through a comprehensive eye examination, typically while examining the front structures of the eye with a microscope.
Based on the appearance of tissue growth from the white part of the eye onto the cornea.
Often whitish, flat or raised area of tissue, and bilateral.
Treatment
Lubrication, in the form of artificial tears, gels, or ointments to help with redness and or irritation.
Surgery: Pterygium can grow back after surgery, so surgery is usually only considered in serious cases.
Prevention
Use of sunglasses that block UVA and UVB rays.
Wearing a hat when outdoors.
Prescription glasses should have a UV protective coating and could be a wrap-around design.
